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Meds That Treat Anxiety

Anxiety is one of the most common mental health issues which affects more than 40 million people in the United States. It's highly treatable, with many types of medications available.

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), like Zoloft, Prozac, Lexapro and Effexor, work to alleviate anxiety by raising levels of the chemical serotonin in the brain. Contrary to benzodiazepines they're not addictive.

SSRIs

The most common anxiety medications are selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), such as citalopram (Celexa), escitalopram (Lexapro) and fluoxetine (Prozac). These drugs are also used to treat depression as well as relieve symptoms of other anxiety disorders such as obsessive compulsive disorder. It can take up one month before they begin working.

They are effective by increasing the quantity of certain chemical transmitters within the brain. This includes serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine. These are typically the first option to treat anxiety, although doctors may also prescribe other types of antidepressants or benzodiazepines.

Another class of antidepressants, called serotonin and norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) such as duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine (Effexor) are used to treat anxiety. They function a bit differently from SSRIs because they reduce the reabsorption of norepinephrine as well as serotonin, though at lower levels than SSRIs. These medicines may take some time to start taking effect, and they also are more expensive than SSRIs.

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) such as imipramine (Tofranil) can be effective in treating some anxiety disorders, notably GAD. However their drowsiness and other side effects are what make them less popular. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are a different kind of antidepressant that can be used to treat anxiety. Their high risk of toxicity and restrictions on diets restrict their use.

Benzodiazepines are often used to combat anxiety and panic attacks in the short-term, such as when waiting for SSRIs or SNRIs to kick in. These drugs can trigger tolerance and addiction, sedation and apathy, and withdrawal reactions that may cause depression, anxiety headache treatment, and even delirium. Common benzodiazepines include alprazolam (Xanax) and Clonazepam (Klonopin) and lorazepam (Ativan).

Therapy is a vital part of any treatment plan for anxiety. It assists you to better be aware of your symptoms and root causes. Many people find that both therapy and medication to treat anxiety and depression (https://ironsystem29.bravejournal.net) can help them manage their anxiety. Some studies suggest that cognitive therapy is as effective as medication for anxiety. Talk to your doctor to find out what's best for you.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines have a calming effect they reduce anxiety and relax muscles that are tense. They also ease symptoms of bodily arousal due to fear (like heart racing and trembling) and encourage sleep.

They function by binding to inhibitory neurons, like GABA or gamma aminobutryic acids and bind to receptors in the central nervous system. They boost the effects of GABA by facilitating the inhibitory effects of GABA on other neurotransmitters and decreasing the amount of messages sent to amygdala. This is a region of the brain that is able to detect threats and creates a sense of anxiety.

These medicines are often employed for short periods of time like an attack of panic or a severe anxiety episodes. They can relieve symptoms within 30 to 60 minutes. Contrary to SSRIs which are a long-lasting medication, benzodiazepines do not stay in the body for a long time. They're fast-acting and can work in a matter of hours. This makes them ideal for situations in which immediate relief is needed (such as on an airplane or before giving a presentation in public).

They are addictive, which is why people are generally only prescribed them for a maximum of 4 weeks at one time. They also lose effectiveness after a period of time.

One of the reasons why the benzodiazepines became so well-known is they were efficient and had a few adverse effects when compared with their predecessors, like meprobamate and barbiturates. They are safe and have a rapid onset, and can be employed as anxiolytics to decrease anxiety. They can also be employed as sedatives, anticonvulsants, and muscle relaxants.

Benzos were blamed for the negative attitudes towards anxiety that emerged during the 1970s and 80s, including the minimization of the disorder, as well as the perception that benzodiazepine therapies can lead to physical dependence. Yet, benzodiazepines continue to play a significant part in the treatment of anxiety disorders, particularly when combined with psychosocial interventions like cognitive behavioral therapy and other interpersonal therapies.

Benzos can interact with other drugs and cause undesirable side-effects such as drowsiness, confusion or drowsiness. It is important to inform your doctor know about any other prescription, non-prescription or herbal medicines you are taking or thinking about taking. Go through the British National Formulary A to Z list of interactions with medications to find out what medications are safe with benzodiazepines.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants can ease anxiety and other mental health problems. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, antidepressants -- like SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) -- can help reduce chronic anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The FDA has approved a variety of antidepressants to treat other health conditions, too, such as eating disorders, certain kinds of pain, and bipolar disorder.

The majority of doctors prescribe SSRIs as a first-line treatment for anxiety, but these drugs may not be effective for everyone. If these antidepressants aren't working, the doctor may try an older version known as a tetracyclic or tricyclic antidepressant. These include amitriptyline or nortriptyline, as well as Clomipramine. They're less common than newer antidepressants but are still readily available. Your doctor can also prescribe the sedating antidepressant Trazodone (Desyrel) in lower doses for sleep or anxiety.

Other antidepressants that can help include nefazodone (Ferdinand) and duloxetine (Cymbalta). These medications are also available in generic form. If they don't help your doctor, he may suggest the antipsychotics quetiapine or olanzapine or the tranquilizing antidepressant Mirtazapine.

Beta blockers are used to treat other anxiety disorders. They reduce blood pressure and heart rate by blocking adrenaline. These medications aren't typically used to treat anxiety by themselves however they can be beneficial when combined with psychotherapy.

Psychotherapy can help you alter negative thoughts and behaviors that contribute towards your anxiety. It can help you manage your anxiety and panic attacks treatment and teach you how to cope. Based on your specific situation, you may be treated with cognitive behavioural therapy or exposure therapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy helps you to challenge negative and fearful thoughts and to overcome your aversion to situations which trigger anxiety. The process involves increasing the anxiety provoking situations until they are manageable. It can be done in a group or on your own. In both instances, results can take a while to show. A combination of medications and psychological therapy is the best option for some people. Some people discover that medications alone are sufficient to control their symptoms. It's important to tell your doctor about the things you're doing to control your symptoms.

Other Medical Treatments

Other medications can also aid in relieving your symptoms. Beta blockers and antihistamines are often prescribed to alleviate anxiety.

These drugs correct an imbalance in your brain's chemical balance and can help alleviate symptoms by reducing or blocking the signals that can cause stress and fear. They are not a panacea. You'll need to continue doing other things to manage your anxiety, like physical exercise, relaxation techniques, and psychological therapy.

Your doctor could first prescribe one of the "first first" anxiety medications, which are SSRIs and SNRIs. According to studies, these medications are the most effective for treating anxiety disorders. SSRIs are typically found in sertraline (Zoloft) as well as the fluoxetine, citalopram and escitalopram. These medications might have mild adverse effects, like nausea or insomnia, but they typically subside within 4-8 weeks. They aren't addictive, and they do not increase the risk of suicidal ideas.

The benzodiazepines alprazolam (Xanax), Clonazepam (Klonopin), and diazepoxide (Valium) provide immediate relief from anxiety and panic attacks however they can also cause negative effects such as dizziness, drowsiness and coordination issues, as well as dependence. These medications are less well-known than older barbiturates but are equally effective.

Antihistamines, such as Vistaril (hydroxyzine) are developed to relieve allergies however, they're also employed to alleviate anxiety symptoms. Hydroxyzine blocks the histamine receptors in the brain and can cause the body to relax. It's not a controlled substance and therefore doesn't carry the same risks of addiction as benzodiazepines.

Another type of medication that can help with anxiety is a group of medications called anticonvulsants. They have been shown to relieve anxiety by affecting the release and production of serotonin and dopamine. These medications can be prescribed as a part of an integrated therapy or to treat anxiety in the short term. Your doctor will examine your health history and symptoms to determine if these medicines are appropriate for you. They'll also discuss the length of time you should be taking them and any potential adverse effects. Anxiety medications are only available on prescription, so you'll need a psychiatrist to prescribe it.