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Meds That Treat Anxiety

Anxiety affects more than 40 million adults in the United States. It is extremely treatable, and there are many types of medications available.

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), like Zoloft, Prozac, Lexapro and Effexor, work to alleviate anxiety by raising levels of the chemical serotonin in the brain. Contrary to benzodiazepines they're not addictive.

SSRIs

The most popular anxiety medication is selective serotonin reuptake inhibits (SSRIs), including citalopram, escitalopram, and fluoxetine. These medications also help with depression, and can ease symptoms associated with other anxiety disorders, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). They can take up to a month before they begin working.

These drugs are effective by increasing the quantity of certain chemical transmitters that are present in the brain. This includes serotonin and norepinephrine as well as dopamine. These are typically the first choice for treating anxiety, although doctors may also prescribe other types of antidepressants or benzodiazepines.

Antidepressants, such as duloxetine (Cymbalta), and venlafaxine, (Effexor) are also used for anxiety. They function a bit differently than SSRIs, as they also reduce the reabsorption of norepinephrine as well as serotonin, but at lower levels than SSRIs. These medications take a lengthy time to work and are more expensive than SSRIs.

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) such as imipramine (Tofranil) are effective in treating certain anxiety disorders, including GAD. Their drowsiness, as well as other side effects, make them less popular. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are a different kind of antidepressant used to treat extreme anxiety treatment. However, their restrictions on diet and high risk of toxicity limit their use.

Benzodiazepines are commonly used to treat panic attacks and anxiety in the short-term like when you wait for SSRIs or SNRIs to begin working. These medications can cause tolerance and addiction, sedation and apathy as well as withdrawal reactions that include rebound depression, anxiety, and even delirium. The most commonly used benzodiazepines are alprazolam (Xanax) as well as clonazepam (Klonopin) and lorazepam (Ativan).

Therapy is an essential part of any treatment plan for anxiety. It aids you in better be aware of your symptoms and reasons. Many people find that therapy and medication both aid in coping. In fact, some studies suggest that cognitive therapy works just as well as medication for anxiety. Consult your physician to determine what is the best option for you.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines can have a calming effect, reduce anxiety and relax tense muscle. They also ease symptoms of bodily arousal due to fear (like heart rate and shaking) and promote sleep.

They function by binding to inhibitory neurons, like GABA or gamma aminobutryic acids at receptors in the central nervous system. They increase the effects of GABA by facilitating the inhibitory effects of GABA on other neurotransmitters and reducing the number of messages sent to the amygdala. This is a part of the brain that is able to detect threats and creates a sense of fear.

These medications can be used for short durations of time like when a panic attack occurs or when you experience severe anxiety. They may relieve symptoms within 30 to 60 minutes. Benzodiazepines, unlike SSRIs aren't able to remain in the body long. They are fast acting and can be used within a couple of hours. This makes them ideal for situations when immediate relief is needed (such for instance, on an airplane or before a presentation in public).

They are addictive, which is why people are generally only prescribed them for up to 4 weeks at one time. After that, they also lose their effectiveness.

One of the main reasons benzodiazepines became so popular is they were efficient and had a few adverse effects when compared to their predecessors, such as meprobamate or barbiturates. They are efficient and have a rapid onset, and can be used as anxiolytics in order to reduce anxiety. They can also be employed as sedatives, anticonvulsants and muscle relaxants.

Benzos were blamed for negative attitudes towards anxiety that were developed during the 1970s and 80s, including the minimization of the disorder, as well as the perception that benzodiazepine treatments can lead to physical dependence. However, they continue to play an important role in the treatment of anxiety disorders, particularly when used in combination with psychosocial interventions, such as cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapy.

Benzos can interact with other drugs and trigger unwanted side effects, such as drowsiness or confusion. You should tell your doctor about any prescription, nonprescription or herbal medication to treat anxiety you currently use or plan to take. You can determine which medications are safe to take with benzodiazepines by looking up the British National Formulary A-Z list of drug interactions.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants can ease anxiety and other mental health conditions. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, antidepressants -- like SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) -- can help reduce chronic anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The FDA has approved antidepressants for other health conditions, including bipolar disorder, eating disorders, and certain types of pain.

SSRIs are usually prescribed as a first-line treatment for anxiety by doctors, however they may not work for all people. If they don't work, doctors may look at the more traditional antidepressant, known as tricyclic or tetracyclic an antidepressant. These include amitriptyline or nortriptyline and clomipramine. They're less popular than the newer antidepressants, but still readily available. You can also ask your physician to prescribe the sedating antidepressant, trazodone(Desyrel) at lower doses if you're experiencing sleep issues or anxiety disorder treatment without medication.

Other antidepressants that may aid are the nefazodone (Ferdinand) and duloxetine (Cymbalta). These medications are also available in generic forms. If they don't work, your doctor can try the tranquilizing antidepressant mirtazapine (Remeron) or the antipsychotics olanzapine and quetiapine.

Other medications for anxiety disorders include beta blockers that reduce the heart rate and blood pressure by blocking the actions of adrenaline. These drugs aren't commonly used for anxiety alone, but can be helpful when paired with psychotherapy.

Psychotherapy can help you to change negative thoughts and behaviors that can cause anxiety. It can teach you to manage your anxiety and teach you strategies for coping. Based on the severity of your situation exposure therapy or cognitive behavioral therapy may be recommended. Cognitive behavioural therapy assists you to overcome negative thoughts, fearful thoughts and to overcome the fear of situations that cause anxiety. Exposure therapy is the process of increasing the anxiety provoking situations until they are manageable. It can be carried out in a group or on your own. In both instances, results can take a while to show. Some people find that a combination of medication and psychotherapy is the best option. Some people find that taking medication alone is sufficient to treat symptoms. It is important to inform your doctor about the things you're doing to control your symptoms.

Other Medical Treatments

Other medications can also help alleviate your symptoms. Antihistamines and beta blockers are often prescribed to alleviate anxiety.

These drugs can correct an imbalance in your brain chemicals and can help alleviate your symptoms by reducing or blocking signals that cause you stress and fear. They're not a panacea. You'll need to continue doing other things to manage anxiety, such as physical exercise as well as relaxation techniques and psychotherapy.

SSRIs or SNRIs are your most commonly prescribed anxiety medications that your doctor can prescribe. These are the most effective medicines to treat anxiety disorders, according to research studies. SSRIs are commonly found in sertraline (Zoloft), Citropram, fluoxetine, and escitalopram. These medications can cause mild side effects such as nausea and insomnia, but they usually disappear within 4-8 weeks. Contrary to benzodiazepines they're not addictive and don't increase your risk of having suicidal thoughts.

The benzodiazepines, alprazolam, diazepoxide and clonazepam (Valium), provide immediate relief from panic and anxiety attacks. However, they may cause side effects, such as dizziness and drowsiness. They can also trigger problems with coordination and memory and may even cause dependence. They're a less popular choice than the barbiturates of the past, but are just as effective.

Antihistamines like Vistaril (hydroxyzine) are developed to relieve allergies, but they're also sometimes used to reduce anxiety symptoms. Hydroxyzine blocks the histamine receptors in the brain and can cause a calming effect. It's not a controlled drug which means it doesn't carry the same addiction risks as benzodiazepines.

Another kind of medication that can aid with anxiety is a class called anticonvulsants, which have been shown to relieve anxiety by affecting the production and release of serotonin and dopamine. They can be prescribed in conjunction with other medications or as a short-term treatment for anxiety. Your doctor will assess your health history and symptoms to determine if these medications are appropriate for you. They will discuss the length of time you'll need these medications as well as any possible adverse effects that could occur. Anxiety medication is only available on prescription, so you'll need to visit an astrologer to obtain them.